If everything is so good for us why are we all so sick? Part 2
Last week’s blog highlighted how the checkmarks and buzz words you’ll find on food packaging are more marketing hype than helpful nutrition guidance. This is why savvy consumers have grown more and more reliant on the Ingredient List, which is subject to strict government oversight, to help them determine the quality of the food they are consuming.
The Ingredient List is a highly standardized panel found on the side or back of a food's package. It is presented in accordance with FDA guidelines that cover everything from which ingredient names should be used to the font size of the print. And the FDA is not kidding around. Failure to list an ingredient, or failure to list it properly, places a food company at risk of facing serious sanctions and stiff fines. So if you’re going to find truth anywhere on the package, it should be here.
Yet, despite the FDA’s best intentions, even the ingredient list is being manipulated by manufacturers.
But before you can recognize the deception, you need to know something about the rules.
According to FDA rule 21 CFR 101.4(a), ingredients must be listed “in descending order of predominance by weight”, meaning that “the ingredient that weighs the most is listed first, and the ingredient that weighs the least is listed last”.
Here’s the list of ingredients for PLANTERS HONEY ROASTED PEANUTS:
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PEANUTS, SUGAR, HONEY, CORN SYRUP, PEANUT AND/OR COTTONSEED OIL, SALT, FRUCTOSE, CORNSTARCH, XANTHAN GUM
The list tells you that when you’re eating these peanuts, you’re ingesting more nuts than xanthan gum. So far so good.
But unless you were paying attention, you probably missed the fact that Planters employed ingredient “splitting” to manipulate the appearance of the list.
Look back at Planter’s ingredient list again. It contains 3 separate added sugars (sugar, honey and corn syrup). These sugars may technically be distinct and each was obviously used to make the product, but their only role is to add sweetness and from a nutrition perspective they are interchangeable. Combine their weights together and you may be eating more sugar than nuts.
There’s even more to FDA rule 21 CFR 101.4(a). If an ingredient has sub-ingredients, those sub-ingredients are listed in parentheses, and also in descending order of predominance by weight for the ingredient’s composition.
Take a look at the list of ingredients for KIND CINNAMON OAT CLUSTERS WITH FLAX SEEDS:
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WHOLE GRAIN BLEND (OATS, BROWN RICE, BUCKWHEAT, AMARANTH, MILLET, QUINOA), DRIED CANE SYRUP, FLAX SEEDS, CHICORY ROOT FIBER, CANOLA OIL, MOLASSES, CINNAMON, SEA SALT, BROWN RICE SYRUP, VITAMIN E (TO MAINTAIN FRESHNESS).
The cereal is made mostly out of a blend of whole grains, and the blend is made up of more oats than quinoa. Again, fairly straightforward.
Or is it?
Something made of many things will weigh more than any one of the components alone - and manufacturers use this to their advantage. Known as ingredient "combining," this allows more desirable-sounding items to float to the top of the list.
Take a look at KIND’s ingredient list again. “Whole grain blend” definitely sounds healthy and it makes you feel good to find it as the first item listed. However, it is reasonable to expect that if each of the components in the “whole grain blend” were enumerated separately, dried cane syrup (a sneaky name for sugar) could float to the top.
Ingredient splitting and combining is a rampant industry practice. And it makes knowing what you’re eating almost impossible to figure out - by design.
Just look at the ingredient list in KELLOGG’S® SPECIAL K® STRAWBERRY PROTEIN MEAL BAR:
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COATING (SUGAR, PALM KERNEL AND PALM OIL, MILK PROTEIN ISOLATE, NONFAT YOGURT POWDER [CULTURED WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE, CULTURED SKIM MILK, YOGURT CULTURES; HEAT-TREATED AFTER CULTURING], COLOR ADDED, SOY LECITHIN, NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL FLAVOR), SOY PROTEIN ISOLATE, SOLUBLE CORN FIBER, STRAWBERRY FLAVORED FRUIT PIECES (SUGAR, CRANBERRIES, CITRIC ACID, NATURAL STRAWBERRY FLAVOR WITH OTHER NATURAL FLAVORS, ELDERBERRY JUICE CONCENTRATE FOR COLOR, SUNFLOWER OIL), CORN SYRUP, FRUCTOSE, INULIN, SUGAR, RICE, WHOLE GRAIN WHEAT, SOYBEAN AND PALM OIL WITH TBHQ FOR FRESHNESS, CONTAINS 2% OR LESS OF DEXTROSE, CALCIUM CARBONATE, GLYCERIN, SORBITOL, WHEAT BRAN, SALT, SOLUBLE WHEAT FIBER, SOY LECITHIN, VITAMIN C (ASCORBIC ACID), MALT FLAVOR, CITRIC ACID, STRAWBERRY JUICE CONCENTRATE, VITAMIN E (ALPHA TOCOPHEROL ACETATE), XANTHAN GUM, NIACINAMIDE, BHT FOR FRESHNESS, ZINC OXIDE, REDUCED IRON, NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL FLAVOR, VITAMIN B6 (PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE), VITAMIN B1 (THIAMIN HYDROCHLORIDE, THIAMIN MONONITRATE), VITAMIN A PALMITATE, VITAMIN B2 (RIBOFLAVIN), WHEAT STARCH, PARTIALLY DEFATTED PEANUT FLOUR, ALMOND FLOUR, VITAMIN B12, FOLIC ACID, VITAMIN D3.
If you missed the fact that added sugars are listed 6 times, and that there are no actual strawberries in the bars, don’t feel bad. That’s the point.
At Step One we refuse to play these games. Every single ingredient in every Step One product was chosen for its health promoting properties, in amounts needed to achieve clinically meaningful levels of whole food fiber, omega 3 fatty acids, antioxidants and plant sterols. We don’t deceptively combine or split ingredients. Because we don’t have to.
This blog is part 2 of a 4 part blog series. Read part 3 here.
References
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/GuidanceDocumentsRegulatoryInformation/LabelingNutrition/ucm064880.htm#descend
http://www.planters.com/product/00029000073456
http://www.kindsnacks.com/store/types/healthy-grains-clusters/cinnamon-oat-clusters-with-flax-seeds.html
https://www.specialk.com/en_US/products/strawberry-protein-meal-bars-product.html
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80% of participants lowered their cholesterol in just 30 days. With just two servings per day, Step One Foods offers a proven-effective way to naturally lower LDL (bad) cholesterol.
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